Fiduciary Duty
A fiduciary duty is a legal obligation that one party has to act in the best interest of another party. This duty arises in relationships where trust, confidence, and reliance are inherent, often characterized by one party holding a position of power or influence over another. Common examples include relationships between trustees and beneficiaries, guardians and wards, and corporate directors and shareholders.
A fiduciary must prioritize the interests of the party to whom they owe the duty, often referred to as the principal or beneficiary, above their own interests. This includes a duty of care, which requires the fiduciary to act with the competence and diligence expected of a reasonably prudent person in similar circumstances, and a duty of loyalty, which obligates the fiduciary to avoid conflicts of interest and self-dealing.
For instance, in the context of trusts, a trustee must manage the assets of the trust solely for the benefit of the beneficiaries, avoiding any actions that would benefit themselves at the expense of the beneficiaries. Similarly, in a corporate setting, a board member has a fiduciary duty to make decisions that serve the best interests of the shareholders, rather than pursuing personal gains.
Failure to uphold a fiduciary duty can result in legal consequences, including lawsuits for breach of fiduciary duty, where the aggrieved party may seek damages or other remedies.